{"id":1172,"date":"2021-11-02T13:52:35","date_gmt":"2021-11-02T17:52:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrifire.com\/content\/blurred-lines-the-aoda-vs-the-obc\/"},"modified":"2024-11-11T09:48:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T14:48:08","slug":"blurred-lines-the-aoda-vs-the-obc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrifire.com\/fr\/blogue\/blurred-lines-the-aoda-vs-the-obc-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Zones floues : la LAPHO par rapport au CBO"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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La Loi de 2005 sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es de l\u2019Ontario<\/em> (LAPHO) est entr\u00e9e en vigueur le 13\u00a0juillet\u00a02005 avec pour objectif\u00a0:<\/p>

\u00ab\u00a0[…] l\u2019\u00e9laboration, la mise en \u0153uvre et l\u2019application de normes d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 en vue de r\u00e9aliser l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es de l\u2019Ontario en ce qui concerne les biens, les services, les installations, le logement, l\u2019emploi, les b\u00e2timents, les constructions et les locaux au plus tard le 1er<\/sup>\u00a0janvier\u00a02025\u00a0\u00bb (LAPHO partie\u00a01.a)).<\/p>

Pour atteindre cet objectif, des normes d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es afin d\u2019\u00e9liminer les obstacles dans cinq domaines cl\u00e9s\u00a0: le service \u00e0 la client\u00e8le, l\u2019information et la communication, le transport, l\u2019emploi et la conception des espaces publics. Cet article porte principalement sur l\u2019application des normes pour la conception des espaces publics (NCEP) conform\u00e9ment au Code du b\u00e2timent de l\u2019Ontario (CBO).<\/p>

Le champ d\u2019application des NCEP couvre les exigences relatives au milieu b\u00e2ti pour\u00a0:<\/p>

  • les sentiers r\u00e9cr\u00e9atifs;<\/li>
  • les voies d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux plages;<\/li>
  • les aires de restauration ext\u00e9rieures destin\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019usage du public;<\/li>
  • les aires de jeu ext\u00e9rieures;<\/li>
  • les voies de d\u00e9placement ext\u00e9rieures;<\/li>
  • les acc\u00e8s aux stationnements et<\/li>
  • l\u2019obtention de services (comptoirs de service, guides de file d\u2019attente fixes et aires d\u2019attente).<\/li><\/ul>

    Les NCEP sont les seules normes qui comportent des exigences applicables au milieu b\u00e2ti. Toutefois, en raison des limites prescriptives de ces exigences, un concepteur ou un propri\u00e9taire de b\u00e2timent devrait s\u2019en remettre \u00e0 d\u2019autres recommandations de conception et aux normes de pratiques exemplaires.<\/p>

    Depuis l\u2019adoption de la Loi de 2005 sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es de l\u2019Ontario<\/em>, deux id\u00e9es fausses circulent\u00a0: la premi\u00e8re soutient que la LAPHO exige que tous les b\u00e2timents et espaces publics existants soient r\u00e9nov\u00e9s afin d\u2019\u00eatre accessibles d\u2019ici 2025 et la seconde qu\u2019elle remplace les exigences de conception sans obstacle de l\u2019article\u00a03.8 du CBO. Or ni l\u2019une ni l\u2019autre de ces affirmations ne sont vraies.<\/p>

    Le point important \u00e0 retenir ici est que les exigences du CBO et de la LAPHO ne sont pas r\u00e9troactives. Ainsi, elles ne s\u2019appliquent qu\u2019aux r\u00e9novations et aux nouvelles constructions. Autrement dit, les conditions existantes non conformes ne sont pas soumises \u00e0 une mise \u00e0 niveau obligatoire tant que des r\u00e9novations ne sont pas propos\u00e9es.<\/p>

    Les exigences relatives au milieu b\u00e2ti des NCEP en vertu de la LAPHO ne remplacent pas les exigences du CBO. En fait, \u00e0 l\u2019exception des \u00e9l\u00e9ments li\u00e9s au service \u00e0 la client\u00e8le (comme, entre autres, les comptoirs de service, les comptoirs d\u2019accueil, les kiosques et les bars), des guides de file d\u2019attente fixes et des aires d\u2019attente, les exigences s\u2019appliquent \u00e0 tr\u00e8s peu d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019un b\u00e2timent. Dans la plupart des cas, elles concernent les \u00a0espaces publics ext\u00e9rieurs qui ne sont pas r\u00e9glement\u00e9s par le CBO.<\/p>

    De plus, la mise en application du CBO est examin\u00e9e et v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e par les municipalit\u00e9s dans le cadre du processus de d\u00e9livrance de permis, alors que la LAPHO est appliqu\u00e9e d\u2019une mani\u00e8re diff\u00e9rente. En effet, les exigences de conception en vertu de la LAPHO ne sont pas examin\u00e9es ni approuv\u00e9es avant d\u2019\u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9es \u00e0 un projet ou aux politiques d\u2019un organisme. La LAPHO repose sur un syst\u00e8me de plaintes obligeant les organismes \u00e0 comprendre ses exigences et \u00e0 s\u2019y conformer. Les concepteurs et les propri\u00e9taires de b\u00e2timents doivent comprendre que le service des b\u00e2timents de la ville n\u2019examinent pas les dessins accompagnant la demande de permis pour v\u00e9rifier leur conformit\u00e9 \u00e0 la LAPHO.<\/p>

    Lorsque LRI est sollicit\u00e9e pour un projet (en particulier, un projet soumis \u00e0 plusieurs codes et normes), nous travaillons avec l\u2019\u00e9quipe de conception pour d\u00e9finir les exigences minimales du projet et fixer des objectifs. Cela peut comprendre l\u2019application des pratiques exemplaires et des principes de conception universelle afin d\u2019aider les \u00e9quipes du projet \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une approche en mati\u00e8re d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 qui respecte le CBO tout en garantissant un niveau \u00e9lev\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable aux occupants du b\u00e2timent. Il est important de d\u00e9finir les exigences de base pour un projet, car le chevauchement de nombreux codes et normes peut porter \u00e0 confusion ou attiser des conflits quant \u00e0 ce qui est requis par les normes.<\/p>

    Comme le CBO et les diff\u00e9rentes normes de pratiques exemplaires sont modifi\u00e9s et mis \u00e0 jour \u00e0 des moments diff\u00e9rents, il est fort probable que les dispositions ne soient jamais harmonis\u00e9es. Par cons\u00e9quent, les \u00e9quipes de projet ont souvent l\u2019impression qu\u2019en appliquant \u00ab les \u00a0pratiques exemplaires \u00bb, elles assurent la conformit\u00e9 au CBO, mais elles risquent de d\u00e9couvrir au cours du processus de d\u00e9livrance de permis que ce n\u2019est pas le cas. Les \u00e9quipes de projet doivent constamment se tenir au courant des exigences sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 leur projet afin de pouvoir atteindre leurs objectifs en mati\u00e8re d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 tout en respectant le CBO.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    La Loi de 2005 sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es de l\u2019Ontario (LAPHO) est entr\u00e9e en vigueur le 13\u00a0juillet\u00a02005 avec pour objectif\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0[…] l\u2019\u00e9laboration, la mise en \u0153uvre et l\u2019application de normes d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 en vue de r\u00e9aliser l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es de l\u2019Ontario en ce qui concerne les biens, les services, les installations, le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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